Buy Thymosin Alpha 1 | 10MG

$105.00

Paradigm Peptides manufactures thymosin alpha 1 for sale at the highest quality and potency available. According to research, the synthetic variation of thymosin alpha 1 is derived from the protein Prothymosin Alpha. By extrapolating a small fraction of the protein it was found to aid in the boosting immune health. According to animal studies, thymosin alpha works to improve immune health by promoting the proliferation of killer T-cells.

Application:	Boost immune health
CAS:	62304-98-7
Molecular Weight:	342.75g mol
Chemical Formula:	C₁₂₉H₂₁₅N₃₃O₅₅
Chemical Name:	Ac–S–D–A–A–V–Asp–T–S–S–E–I–T–T–K–D–L–K–E–K–K–E–V–V–E–E–A–E–N–OH
Synonyms:	PTMA, prothymosin, alpha, TMSA, prothymosin alpha
Storage:	Minimize open air exposure, store in a cool dry place.
Stability:	2 years
Purity:	> 95%
Solubility:	Soluble to water at rate of 1mg/ml
Physical Form:	fine powder in glass vial
Specifications:	10mg vial
Terms:	The products we offer are intended for laboratory research use only. You will need to purchase Bacteriostatic water separately.

Thymosin Alpha 1 (Tα1) is a naturally occurring peptide hormone that plays a crucial role in modulating the immune system. It is a single-chain polypeptide composed of 28 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 3100 Daltons. Tα1 is primarily produced by the thymus gland, hence its name, but it is also synthesized in other tissues such as the liver and spleen.

The structure of Tα1 consists of a unique sequence of amino acids arranged in a specific order, which confers its biological activity. Each amino acid within the peptide chain contributes to its overall function, including its immunomodulatory properties.

Structure and Function of Thymosin Alpha 1

The structure of Thymosin Alpha 1 is characterized by its primary, secondary, and tertiary structures. The primary structure refers to the linear sequence of amino acids, which in the case of Tα1, consists of 28 residues. The secondary structure includes elements such as alpha-helices and beta-sheets, which are stabilized by hydrogen bonds between amino acid residues. Tα1 is known to adopt a helical conformation in solution, which is essential for its biological activity.

Thymosin Alpha 1 exerts its immunomodulatory effects through various mechanisms. One of its primary functions is the activation of T lymphocytes, which are crucial components of the adaptive immune response. Tα1 enhances the proliferation and differentiation of T cells, thereby improving their ability to recognize and eliminate pathogens. Additionally, Tα1 promotes the production of cytokines, such as interferon gamma and interleukin-2, which play key roles in coordinating immune responses.

Furthermore, Tα1 has been shown to enhance the function of other immune cells, including natural killer cells and dendritic cells. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoting the generation of regulatory T cells, which help maintain immune tolerance.

Mechanism of Action of Thymosin Alpha 1

The mechanism of action of Thymosin Alpha 1 involves interaction with specific cell surface receptors and intracellular signaling pathways. Although the precise receptors for Tα1 are not fully elucidated, it is known to bind to membrane receptors present on immune cells, particularly T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells.

Upon binding to its receptors, Tα1 triggers a cascade of signaling events within the cell, leading to the activation of various transcription factors and gene expression programs. This results in the enhanced proliferation, differentiation, and activation of immune cells, ultimately bolstering the host defense mechanisms against infections and diseases.

Additionally, Tα1 modulates the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses by regulating the production of cytokines and chemokines. By promoting the secretion of anti-inflammatory molecules and suppressing the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, Tα1 helps maintain immune homeostasis and prevents excessive inflammation.

Thymosin Alpha 1 exerts its immunomodulatory effects through a multifaceted mechanism involving the activation of immune cells, regulation of cytokine production, and modulation of inflammatory responses. Further research into the precise molecular mechanisms underlying Tα1’s actions will enhance our understanding of its therapeutic potential in various immune-related disorders.

Thymosin Alpha 1 And Immune Function

Thymosin has two main areas were it is being studied. The first and most beneficial being the immune system. However, Thymosin Alpha 1 also has the ability to help with inflammation to an extent as well. Thymosin is said to have somewhat of a pleiotropic effect. This is when one substance has the ability to influence another. It’s able to do its work by essentially working with T-cells and the maturation of the killer variation of this specific cell type. How so? Well, Thymosin Alpha 1 is able to aid in the stimulation of cytokine process.

Thymosin Alpha 1 On Lipid Peroxidation And Steatohepatitis In Rat Model

The study aimed to explore the effects of thymosin α1 (Tα1) in rats with fructose-induced steatosis, a condition where excess fructose leads to liver fat accumulation by impacting the oxidant/antioxidant system and cytokine levels in the blood.

Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups: a control group receiving a standard diet, a group fed a high-fructose diet (F), and a group fed a high-fructose diet with Tα1 injections (F + T). After 10 days, liver lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status, and blood interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, and IL-6 levels were measured. [6]

Results indicated that the F group exhibited higher levels of nitric oxide (NO), xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, and lipid peroxidation, along with lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the liver compared to the control group. Treatment with Tα1 normalized these markers. Tα1 treatment also maintained IL-1β and IL-6 levels close to normal, whereas IL-2 levels remained unaffected. Histological examination revealed significant steatosis in the livers of F group rats, which was notably reduced with Tα1 treatment. [6]

In conclusion, a high-fructose diet induced hepatic steatosis and compromised the liver’s antioxidant defense system in rats, while Tα1 treatment mitigated these biochemical and histological changes, suggesting its potential therapeutic benefits in fructose-induced liver steatosis.

Thymosin Alpha 1 And Severe Acute Pancreatitis

The study aimed to investigate the impact of thymosin alpha 1 (TA1) on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, SAP, and two TA1-treated groups.

SAP was induced by injecting sterile sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct, followed by TA1 administration subcutaneously. Rats were observed at 3, 6, and 12 hours post-induction. Parameters including serum amylase, lipase, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), pancreatic weight ratio, and T cell percentages were assessed. Additionally, the survival rate was evaluated 72 hours post-SAP induction. [7]

Results showed no significant changes in serum amylase and lipase levels after TA1 administration, but reduced levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and pancreatic weight ratio were observed. TA1 treatment balanced CD3/CD4+/CD8+ T cells and improved histological scores and survival rates in SAP rats. The findings suggest that TA1 mitigates pancreatic inflammation by modulating T cell differentiation and reducing cytokine release, thereby attenuating pancreatic severity in SAP rats.[7]

Therapeutic Implications

Thymosin Alpha 1 (Tα1) holds significant therapeutic potential for various immune-related disorders in animal models and preclinical studies. Research conducted on animal models has demonstrated promising outcomes, highlighting the possible applications of Tα1.

One area of therapeutic interest is infectious diseases, where Tα1 has shown efficacy in enhancing host immune responses against viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens in animal models. Studies have reported that Tα1 administration can improve survival rates, reduce pathogen burden, and enhance immune cell function in animal models infected with pathogens such as influenza virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Leishmania spp.

Furthermore, Tα1 has been investigated as a therapeutic agent for autoimmune disorders in animal models. Animal studies have shown that Tα1 administration can modulate aberrant immune responses and ameliorate disease severity in models of autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Moreover, Tα1 has demonstrated potential in enhancing vaccine efficacy in animal models. Preclinical studies have shown that co-administration of Tα1 with vaccines can enhance antigen-specific immune responses, improve vaccine-induced protection, and increase vaccine effectiveness against infectious pathogens in various animal species.

Additionally, Tα1 has been explored as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer immunotherapy in animal models. Studies have shown that Tα1 administration can enhance anti-tumor immune responses, inhibit tumor growth, and improve survival outcomes in animal models of cancer. Tα1’s immunomodulatory properties make it a promising candidate for combination therapy with conventional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, in animal studies.

Overall, the therapeutic implications of Thymosin Alpha 1 in animal models encompass a broad spectrum of immune-related disorders, including infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, vaccine enhancement, and cancer immunotherapy. Further research and clinical trials in animal models are warranted to fully elucidate the therapeutic potential and optimize the use of Tα1.

Paradigm Peptides For Immune Health

We know you have many choices to buy peptides out there. However, when you choose Paradigm Peptides, you get more than just a peptide manufacturer. You get high-quality product at pharmaceutical grade with a customer service team ready to answer your questions. Not only that, everything undergoes stringent testing prior to becoming available to ensure that you are getting peptides of the highest standards, purity, and efficacy. Want to learn more about us or our products? Head over to our About Us section.

*Disclaimer: The Thymosin Alpha 1 currently listed on this site is sold for research use only. Not for human consumption. This product is not a drug, supplement, food or cosmetic and it may not be misused, sold, labeled or branded as such.